Clipair Aviation-Courses at Clipair

Welcome to the Official website of Clipair Aviation

COURSE JOINING

The ground school for trainee pilots is for a duration of 2 ½ months, six days a week. The course is intensive and requires deliberate studies. Great use is made of computers and all assistance is available from our team of instructors. The ground course at Clipair would cover the syllabus prescribed by DGCA in CAR on the following subjects: - Navigation, Meteorology, Air Regulations, Technical, Human factors, Radio-aids & Instruments. At the end of the course the trainee would be competent for appearing in the DGCA exams.

ON COMPLETING FLYING

TRAINING RETURNS FOR REFRESHER

PASSES CPL EXAMS

CONDUCTED BY DGCA

ISSUE OF CPL

JOB AS AIRLINE PILOT

CPL REQUIREMENTS:

Class 1/ Class 2 Medical:

Clipair has D.G.C.A. approved doctors on its panel for the purpose of class 2 medical certification. However, the final standard for issue of CPL is Class 1 medical. This is presently being conducted by the Indian Air Force establishments at New Delhi, Bangalore and Johrat. The requirement to secure an appointment for Class 1 medical is successful completion of class 2 medicals. It is strongly recommended that class 1 Medical fitness be ensured before undertaking flight training.

Medical examinations are based on the following requirements:

1.	Physical and mental
2.	Visual and colour perception
3.	Hearing.

DGCA CLASS-II MEDICAL DOCTORS ON CLIPAIR PANEL

DR. PUNITA MASRANI
MOB: 9920163330
78 B, Pankaj Mansion, 24934035 / 24901066.
Opp. Podar Hospital,
Dr. A.B. Road, Worli,
Mumbai 400 018.

DR. DILIP SHAH
MOB: 9869057090
Rohit Clinic - 26650328
A/3, Tirupati Apartments,
Opp. Yeshnant nagar,
Vakola, Santacruz (E),
Mumbai 400 055.

DR. S.K. PURI
MOB: 9820099537
15, Shanti Niketan Co-Op.HSG (AI) - MOB: 9820284556
Yari Road, Versova, - MOB: 9820517667
Andheri (W), - 022 26336980 R.
Mumbai 400 061.

CPL requirements for flying training as per DGCA standard:

Age not less than 18 yrs on date of application.

Educational qualification 10 + 2 with Physics & Math’s.

Medical fitness – Class I.

Written examination as per DGCA syllabus ( Refer Chapter 5)

Flying experience – must have completed 200 hrs within a period of 5 yrs immediately proceeding the date of application. These 200 hrs should include:

Not less than 100 hrs of flight time as PIC, of which not less 15 hrs shall have been completed within a period of 6 months immediately proceeding the date of application for license.

Not less than 20 hrs of X-country flight time as PIC including a X country flight of not less than 300 nm in the course of which full stop landing at 2 different aerodromes shall be made.

Not less than 10 hrs of instrument time of which not more than 5 hrs on Simulator.

Not less than 5 hrs of night flying, including a min of 10 + 10 and landing as PIC carried out within 6 months immediately proceeding
the date of application.

Should have a current FRTO license.

Should have completed a skill test within a period of 6 months immediately proceeding the date of application. The skill tests include:

¬		General flying test by day.
¬		General flying test by night.
¬		Cross-country test by day of 250 nm with 2 full stop landings.
¬		Cross-country test by night of 120 nm with retaining to place of departure without a landing elsewhere.

CONVERSION OF FOREIGN LICENCES TO INDIAN LICENCES:

Those pilots holding licenses issued by the competent authorities of other countries shall meet the following requirements for conversion of their foreign licenses to corresponding Indian licenses:

¬		An applicant desirous of obtaining Indian pilot’s licence or rating on the basis of licence or rating issued by a Contracting State, should make an application to DGCA (Attn. – Director, Training & Licensing) and submit all the necessary documents as applicable.

¬		Necessary fees in the form of a bank draft payable at any scheduled bank/I.P.O. in favour of the Accounts Officer, Central Pay & Accounts Office, DGCA, New Delhi.

¬		The documents submitted by the applicant should show that the applicant meets the requirement for grant of the licence or rating and has acquired the desired level of proficiency. The documents should be within the laid down validity period.

¬		The applicant shall also submit the Verification/authentication in respect of foreign license/ certificate/ ratings issued by contracting States while submitting the papers in DGCA. Only the verifications issued by the State of issue will be accepted for the purpose of conversion/ issue of licences and ratings on the basis of foreign license/certificate/ratings.


¬		Pass written examination in Air Regulation & Navigation, Flight Planning and Meteorology (composite Paper)
¬		Pass Practical Test in Morse code (Reception - Aural) at the rate of 8 words per minute for commercial Pilot’s License & Instrument Rating.

¬		Shall be in possession of a current Certificate of Proficiency for operation of Radio Telephony apparatus on board an aircraft as issued by the Ministry of Transport and Communications under the Indian Wireless Telegraphy Rules, 1954.

¬		Shall demonstrate his competency to the satisfaction of the DGCA approved Examiner by undergoing a Skill Test by Day and Night. The candidate shall also undergo Oral Test with the Examiner in various aviation subjects including Navigation Meteorology, Aircraft & Engine and Instruments, and performance wherever applicable. Clipair would arrange for Skill Test by Day and Night with a DGCA approved Examiner.



¬		The applicant shall ensure that the documents and information submitted to DGCA for grant of a licence or rating are correct and authentic. He shall attest the documents to this effect. If a licence or rating is obtained on the basis of incorrect information and/or false documents, the licence/rating is liable to be cancelled .

JOB AS AIRLINE PILOT

On joining an airline a CPL holder would be inducted on Boeing/ Airbus/ ATR airplanes as per the company policy. India is the only country to induct a CPL holder with min / no jet experience as a first officer on the big Jets. Airline standards are high and hence there is no room for failures. Flight safety is of prime importance and company procedures and policies are strictly adhered to. On initial induction in an airline the trainee undergoes the courses prescribed by DGCA. The airline conducts an extensive training course on simulators and aircraft to obtain the required endorsement on your license. The trainee has to sign a bond with the airline for a specific number of years of service with the airline. The standard flow on joining an airline is as under:

¬		Joins airline and signs the bond. The company may demand a part of the training cost upfront. The trainee is paid a stipend till he is released as a first officer. Normal duration from the time the trainee joins the company to release is six months depending on individual performance.

¬		The training course for type endorsement would typically consist of Classroom training, Simulator training & aircraft training.
¬		On successful completion of his type endorsement the pilot is released to fly on line as a first officer and starts to draw a handsome salary.

¬		A pilot has to demonstrate his proficiency every six months and this is a continous process all throughout his/her career.
¬		Every co pilot is a prospective captain and the ultimate goal for a pilot is to attain ATPL & command the big jets.

The commercial interest of the airline has to be understood and flight must be conducted in a manner of keeping up team spirit to the highest standards. Due respect must to be given to all those working towards the success of the flight. No airline operation is a one man show. The RHS is the learning place for a successful commander. Personal egos should be left outside the flight deck and the aircraft flown as per company policies. Any reservations regarding company policies should to be addressed to the department in charge through proper procedural channels.

Syllabus for Commercial Pilot License

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA CIVIL AVIATION DEPARTMENT

CIVIL AVIATION REQUIREMENTS SECTION 7: FLIGHT CREW STANDARDS

Syllabus for Commercial Pilot License Aero plane

Section D of revised schedule IT of Aircraft Rules 1937 lays down the requirements for the issue of commercial pilot' license. This part of the CAR lays down the syllabus for written examination for issue/extension of these licenses in accordance with Para (d) Clauses I of Section J and K of Schedule II to the Aircraft Rules 1937.

SYLLABUS

The syllabus for technical examination for issue, extension and endorsement of CPL is given here under the following subjects:-

[A]	Air Navigation
[B]	Aviation Meteorology
[C]	Airframe & Engines
[D]	Air Regulation
[E]	Human Performance and Limitations

1. AIR NAVIGATION

	1.1	Air Navigation - Shape of Earth, its axis and Poles. Great Circles, Equator, Meridians, Parallels of Latitudes, Prime Meridian, Standard meridians. Difference of Latitude, Difference of Longitude. Position expressed in terms of Latitude and Longitude; Bearing and Distance.


	1.2	True Direction, Magnetic Direction, Compass Direction, Variation, Deviation, Conversion from one to other.
	1.3	Nautical Mile, Statute Mile, Kilometer, IAS, CAS, EAS, TAS, Mach Number, Kilograms and Pounds.

	1.4	Track, Heading, Bearing, Radial, Ground Speed, Wind Velocity, Triangle of Velocities.
	1.5	Definition of 'Position line' and Information obtainable from single Position Line. Position Lines derived from Radio, Radar observations in flight. Pinpoint, Fix, Air Position, D.R. Position.
	1.6	Local, Zone, Greenwich and Standard Time, International Date Line, IST, UTC.
	1.7	Rising and Setting of Heavenly Bodies: Sunrise, Sunset, Twilight. Finding the time of above in U.T.C., I.S.T. by using air almanac.
	1.8	Map Reading Technique
	1.9	One to Sixty Rule:
		Estimation of Cross wind one head wind components. Estimation of TAS, Alteration of heading to regain track, Revision of ETA's, (Estimation of range by change of bearing, Tracking Out, Tracking In.)
	1.10	Aeronautical Charts: Requirement of an ideal map. Methods of expressing relief. Map scales.
	1.11	Mercator Projection: Principle of Projection. Appearance of graticule. Properties and uses.
	1.12	Lambert's Projection: Appearance of graticule. Properties and Uses.
	1.13	IMPP: Principle of Projection. Appearance of graticule. Properties and uses.
	1.14	The Gnomonic Projection (Polar and Equatorial) : Appearance of the graticule, General properties and uses.
	1.15	The Stereographic Projection (Polar case) : Appearance of the graticule, general properties and uses.

2. FLIGHT PLANNING:

	2.1	USE OF COMPUTER: (CIRCULAR SLIDE RULE) Conversion of NM/SM/KM; CAS/EAS/TAS; Mach No. to TAS; Pressure Altitude/Density Altitude/Ture Altitude; Gallons/Litres; Lbs./Kgs; Computation of Time-Speed-Distance; Fuel consumption; Multiplication/ Division, Solution of Triangle of Velocities.

	2.2	Objectives and Methods of Flight Planning.
	2.3	Formats & Contents of Flight Plans.
	2.4	Basic Flight Planning (using performance date from tabular data sheet format)
	2.5	CP & PNR.
	2.6	Route flight Planning - Practical.
	2.7	Instrument procedure charts for departure, descent and approach.Enroute Navigation Charts.

3. RADIO AIDS & INSTRUMENTS

	3.1	PRESSURE ALTIMETER: General Principles & Errors. Altimeter Setting Procedures (QNH, QNE, QFE, etc.)
	3.2	AIR SPEED INDICATOR: General Principles & Errors. IAS,CAS/RAS, TAS.
		3.2.1. Vertical Speed Indicator - Principle of operation, uses and errors.
	3.3	MACH METER: General Principle and Errors. Relationship between IAS, TAS and Mach No.
	3.4	MAGNETISM: Properties of a Magnet. The Earth as a Magnet North and South Magnetic Poles, Magnetic Meridian, Magnetic Variation.

	3.5	DIRECT READING COMPASS:Basic principle and errors.
	3.6	GYROSCOPES: Properties and application in aircraft Instruments.Basic principles of DGI, Artificial horizon, Turn & Bank Indicator.
	3.7	REMOTE INDICATING COMPASSES: General Principle, Comparison with Direct Reading Compass.
	3.8	Compass Errors and Deviation.
	3.9	Basic Radio Theory. Properties of Electro-Magnetic Waves, Frequencies Spectrum, Ionosphere and its effect on propagation of Radio Waves, relationship between Frequency and Wave length.

	3.10	Types of Transmission, Polarization, Modulations.
	3.11	Obtaining Radio Bearing by Loop, D/F.
	3.12	ADF: General Principles of working and errors.
	3.13	VOR: Obtaining bearing by Phase comparison, General principles of working, errors and range, Doppler VOR principles).
	3.14	OMEGA: Principles, Navigation Computer, Errors and Limitation.
	3.15	BASIC RADAR THEORY: Pulse and CW Radar Elements, CRT, Primary & Secondary Radar and their uses in Civil Aviation.
	3.16	D.M.E.: General Principles and Operation, Accuracy and Range.
	3.17	RADIO ALTIMETER: Weather Radar, principles of Operation andUses.
	3.18	AIRBORNE RADARS: Weather Radar, principles of Operation and Uses.
	3.19	I.L.S. (INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM): Components and their principle of working, limitations, Categories of ILS.
	3.21	Microwave Landing System - Principle of Operation.
	3.22	Global Positioning System – Principle of Operation.

4. AVIATION METEOROLOGY

4.1	Atmosphere
	4.1.1	Description and extent of atmosphere.
	4.1.2	Pressure, temperature, air density and their interdependence.
	4.1.3	International Standard Atmosphere (ISA)
	4.1.4	Factors effecting pressure, temperature and air density.Effects of water vapour, height and latitude.
	4.1.5	Humidity: relative humidity, Absolute humidity.
	4.1.6	Inter-conversion of Celsius, Fahrenheit & Absolute.
	4.1.7	QNH, QFE, QFF, Standard alt. setting, Pressure altitude, Density altitude, Dew point, Wet bulb.
	4.1.8	Heat Transfer: Conduction, Convection, Radiation.
4.2	Atmospheric obscurities and effect on visibility Haze: Dust haze, Moist haze, Smoke Haze, mist, fog, dust, duststorms. Visibility: Vertical and Slant: RVR, drizzle, rain

4.3	Winds
	4.3.1	Buy Ballot's law, different types of Winds, Geostrophic, cyclostrophic wind, gradient wind, thermal wind, land and sea breeze, anabatic wind, katabatic wind, Fohn wind, gust, squall, gales.

	4.3.2	Diurnal variation of wind; effect of height, veering &backing.
	4.3.3	Turbulence: Mechanical, thermal.
4.4	Clouds:Types, classification, stratiform, cumiform, simple identification features.
4.5	Ice accretion: Types (airframe, engine); effect of height, temperature and moisture; prevention and remedial measures against aircraft icing.

4.6	Thunderstorms
	4.6.1	Conditions for formation.
	4.6.2	Stages of development
	4.6.3	Associated flying hazards
4.7	Precipitation:
	4.7.1	Drizzle, rain, snow, sleet, condensation trails, mintra level, maxtra level.
4.8	FOG
	4.8.1	Types of fog;
	4.8.2	Radiation fog,
	4.8.3	Advection, steaming and frontal fog; conditions favorable for fog formation.
4.9	Stability and instability of atmosphere.
	4.9.1	Adiabatic processes
	4.9.2	Lapse rate, DALR, SALR
	4.9.3	Absolute stability, conditional stability, latent instability.
4.10	Air masses
	4.10.1	Types, classification, air masses of Indian origin.
	4.10.2	Pressure pattarns; cyclones (low), anti-cyclones (high), trough of low pressure, ridge of high, col.
4.11	Verticla motion of air. Convergence, divergence and their connection with low and high pressure systems.
4.12	Fronts
	4.12.1	Cold fronts, warm front etc. Western disturbances, weather associated.
4.13	Tropical discontinuity ITCZ, Easterly waves, surges, tropical depression/monsoon depressions, tropical cyclones / tropical revolving storms.
4.14	Monsoons: Different weather phenomena associated with each season, upper winds.
4.15	Observation and recording of MET data.
	4.15.1	Observation and measurement of various Met. elements; pressure, temperature, humidity, precipation, douds, height, units of measurement.

	4.15.2	Observation by aircrew of general weather AIREP FORM and recording.
	4.15.3	METARS/TAFORS
4.16	Interpretation of synoptic charts figures and symbols used.Analysis of Met. forecast. Decoding of station model.
4.17	Preparation for crew briefing.
4.18	Met. organisation in India.
4.19	Clear air turbulence, its occurrence, frequency etc.
4.20	Jet streams-types, occurrence frequency, wind shear etc.
4.21	mountain waves weather associated, associated Flying conditions.
4.22	World climatology, world weather, local characteristics, globe circulation of air.

5. AIRFRAMES & ENGINES

5.1	General
	5.1.1	Density, pressure, relationship between pressure, density and temperature; International Standard Atmosphere; Thermometric Scales; Centigrade and Fahrenheit; Density and Pressure Altitude.

	5.1.2	Elementary Principles of Aerodynamics, definition of aeronautical terms, e.g. Angle of Incidence, Lift/Drag ratio,stability, Centre of Pressure; Forces acting on an aircraft in straight and level flight; relation between speed and angle of attack; flaps and stats.

	5.1.3	Centre of Gravity; Its relation to aircraft performance; distribution and adjustment of load before and during flight; Computation of Center of gravity of an aircraft under different load configurations.

	5.1.4	Piston engine four stroke cycle, lubrication system, carburation, principles of super charging and mixturecontrol.
	5.1.5	General principles of operation of construction of gas turbine engines.
	5.1.6	Propellers - Principles of operation, main components. Function of constant speed unit, feathering and braking.
	5.1.7	Correct sense and operation of control surfaces; trims, servo and balance tabs and alternative devices.
	5.1.8	Elementary knowledge of electricity and magnetism; definition of terms e.g. volts, ampere, ohm, watt; alternating and direct currents, their meaning and use in aircraft; aircraft batteries.

	5.1.9	Working principles and operations of aircraft, engine instruments and correct interpretation of their indications.
	5.1.10	Basic understanding of Hydraulic, Pneumatic and vacuum pressures and systems and their application to aircraft.
	5.1.11	General understanding of pressurization, oxygen, heating and ventilation, anti-icing and deicing systems in relation to the operation of aircraft.

	5.1.12	General knowledge of the contents of Certificate of Airworthiness, flight manual, operations manual, maintenance schedule, maintenance manual, log books, etc.

5.2	Specific Aircraft - Airframe & Engine
	5.2.1	Airplane General General Specification, Dimensions, cockpit arrangement, Doors, cargo compartment, lighting, Operating Speeds, Structural weight limitations, Operating limitations.

	5.2.2	Air-conditioning & Pressurization. Air-conditioning pack, mix valves, Ram Air system, Conditioned Air distribution, Pressurization system andpressure controller, Out flow valves, Max. Differential,Warnings.

	5.2.3	Auto Flight Yaw Damper, Auto Throttle System (ATS), Pitch/Roll modes, Flight Director and control wheel steering system.

	5.2.4	Auxiliary Power Unit Starting cycle, Limitations of pneumatic and electrical use, Warnings.

	5.2.5	Communications & SSR VHF, HF, Selcal, CVR, Public Address System, Transponder.

	5.2.6	Electrical System Constant Speed Drive, Ground Power Unit, DC/AC Ammeter, AC power distribution, DC power distribution; standby AC/DC.

	5.2.7	Emergency Equipment Flight Crew oxygen system, Passenger oxygen system, Portable oxygen bottles, Fire extinguishers, First aid box, Fire axe, Location of emergency exits and evacuation procedures, emergency locator beacon (ELT).

	5.2.8	Fire Protection Engine Overheat detection, engine fire detection; wheel well fire detection, APU Fire detection, Engine/ APU Fire Extinguishing system, Lavatory Fire extinguishing system.

	5.2.9	Flight Controls Roll Control, Pitch Control, Yaw Control, Speed Brakes, trailing Edge flaps, leading edge flaps, ground spoilers, mach trim system, pitch feel system, Trim/Balance/Servo tabs.

	5.2.10	Flight Instruments Mach meter, Airspeed indicator, altimeter, VSI, Flight Date Recorder, Total Air Temperature indicator, clock.

	5.2.11	Fuel Systems Fuelling/Defuelling, Vent system, Booster pumps, Fuel heater, Filter icing, Fuel Jettisoning system, tank capacity and indications.

	5.2.12	Hydraulic system Quantity indications, Engine driven pumps, electrical pumps, Pressure relief valve, low pressure warnings, standby system, leak identification, various services operated (Power operated controls, landing gear, brakes etc.), Accumulator.

	5.2.13	Ice & Rain Protection Hot air heating, electrical heating, wing anti icing, engine anti icing, window heating, probes/pitots heating, rain repellant and wipers.

	5.2.14	Landing Gear & Brakes Landing Gear normal operation, emergency operations, indications, warning system, air/ground safety sensor. Antiskid System, auto brake system, emergency brakes Nose wheel steering/castoring.

	5.2.15	Navigation Instruments Attitude direction indicator, Compass system, Radio magnetic indicator, VHF Nav systems, Distance Measuring Equipment, Automatic Direction Finder, Weather Radar, Ground Proximity Warning System.

	5.2.16	Pneumatics Sources of pneumatics, Engine Bleeds, APU bleed, Ground Power Unit, Various services operated by pneumatic, overheat warnings and indications.

	5.2.17	Powerplant General description, Engine fuel/oil system, starting, ignition system, Thrust reversor, engine pressure ratio/NIN2/EGT/TGT indications and limitations, Power and power checks Procedures. Propellers, RPM- normal / max and limitations. Auxiliary system.

	5.2.18	Warning System Master Caution, Mach Air Speed warning, Stall Warning, Landing gear configuration warning, Takeoff warning.

5.3	Performance: (For Multi Engine Aeroplanes)
	5.3.1.	Presentation of date in FCON, Performance One engine inoperative Take-off Climb limits, field limits, Tyre Speed limits, Vmbe limits, Max. ZFW, landing wt. limits. Improved climb technique.

	5.3.2	General Performance - Mandatory and Recommendatory Performance.
	5.3.3	Definitions and factors governing: R/W, Stopway, Clear way, TORA, ASDA, TODA, TOR required, TOD required LD required, LD required, LD available, Vmca, Vs, VI, Vmca, VLO, V2, Vref.

	5.3.4	One Engine inoperative regulations governing T.O., Enroute, approach and landing, gradient and obstacle clearance.
	5.3.5	Take-off flight path - (gross, net and segments)
	5.3.6	Definition and effect of wet, Contaminated R/W and antiskid inoperative performance.

6. AIR REGULATION

INDIAN AIRCRAFT ACT 1934

Chapter 1. Section 1, 2, 8, 10, 11, 11A, 11B, 12, 17 & 18.

Indian Aircraft Rules 1937

Part I - Rule 1, 2, 3.

Part II - General Conditions of Flying (Rule 4 to 19)

Part III - General Safety conditions (Rule 21 to 29)

Part IV - Registration & Marking of Aircraft Rule 30 (1)

Rule 33, 34, 37 & 37A

Part V - Personnel of Aircraft Rule 38 to 48

Part VI - Airworthiness Rule 50, 52, 53, 55, 56 & 60

Part VII - Radio Telegraph Apparatus

Rule 63

Part VIII - Aeronautical beacon, aeronautical ground lights

Rule 65

Part IX - Log Books

Rule 67, 67A, 67B

Part X - Investigation of Accidents

Rule 68, 69, 70, 76, 77B

Part XI - Aerodromes

Rule 79 to 89

Part XII - Regulatory Provisions

Rule 133A

Part XIII - Air Transport Services

Rule 134, 140, 140A, 140B & 140C

Part XIV - General

Rule 156, 157, 159 & 161

Schedule I - Prohibited Area

Schedule II - Aircraft Personnel

Schedule IV - Rules of the Air

General Rules

Visual Flight Rules

Instrument Flight Rules

Schedule V - Section B

Schedule VI - Penalties

Indian Aircraft Rules 1920 (Rule 53, 54, 56, 57, 58, 60, 61 & 64)

Indian Aircraft (Public Health) Rule 1954.

Part II - Arriving Aircraft - General Provision

Part IV - Special provision relating to the carriage of dead bodies.

Carriage by Air Act 1972

Liability of the carrier (Rule 17, 18, 19, 20, 22)

Tokyo Convention Act 1975

The Anti-Hijacking Act 1982

The Suppression of unlawful act against safety of Civil Aviation Act 1982.

6.1

AERODROMES
Physical characteristics
Runway, Stopways, Clearways TORA, TODA, LDA, ASDA.

6.2

MARKINGS
Runway markings, edge & threshold markings.
Fixed distance markings, Touchdown zone markings.
Unserviceability markings, Taxiway markings, Taxi holding
Position markings
VOR Checkpoint marking

6.3

LIGHTING
Simple Approach lighting system, Precision approach lighting system Cat I.
Visual approach slope indicator system.
Runway edge lights, Runway threshold light, Runway end lights
Intensity control of Runway & approach lights system.
Taxiway lights, apron lights, PAPA-AGNIS
Aerodrome Beacon, Identification Beacon.

6.4

AIR TRAFFIC SERVICES PROCEDURES

1.	Objectives
2.	Units providing Air Traffic Services
	Division of responsibility between various ATS units.
3.	Airspace designation
4.	Area Control Service
	Separation minima - Vertical, lateral and longitudinal Time & Distance
5.	Clearance - Scope, content, limit
6.	Approach Control Service
	Departing aircraft - general procedures for departing aircraft.
	Separation between departing aircraft information to departing aircraft.
	Information to arriving aircraft - Visual approach, Instrument approach, Holding, Expected approach time.
7.	Aerodrome Control Services
	General procedure - Control of traffic in circuit,control of traffic on maneuvering area light signals & ground signals.
	Special VFR

6.5

MISCELLANEOUS

1.	Altimeter
2.	Notification of flight
3.	Position report
4.	Aerodrome operating minima
5.	Air defence identification zone and procedure for Air Defence clearance.
6.	Carriage of Radio equipment.
7.	Identification and Interception procedure.
8.	Minimum fuel & oil to be carried by Public transport aircraft.
9.	Notification of accident.
10.	Notification of incident.
11.	Airmiss reporting procedure.
12.